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Decorative concrete

Decorative concrete involves concrete structures being used in roles that are not strictly related to concretes functional elements. Concrete has long been prized for its great strength, especially when combined with steel rebar. Concrete can be used for, among other things, decorative walls, floors and countertops that are both structurally sound but also provide a decorative finish that resembles polished stone and has an extremely low cost for materials.

Forms of Decorative Concrete

Concrete Countertops

Concretes versatility lends ideally to creating rich countertops. Countertops made of concrete can be formed in a fashion that would be impractical in size and scale if made out of rock like granite or marble. Height, coloring and textures can be changed fairly easily. Aesthetic or practical items can be embedded in the concrete such as integral brass rails as pot holders or personal items such as shells, fossils, or mementos of purely sentimental value.

Integral Colorants

Color material is blended with the concrete mix to color the aggregate throughout. Many of the colorants are Iron oxides and can create colors including blacks, yellows, and reds. Greens can be achieved using Chromium and ultramarine can be used to create variants of blue. Some of the compounds used to create coloring are heavy metals (including chromium) and can be released during the grinding and polishing of the concrete. These heavy metals can cause severe respiratory problems and environmental damage.

New advancements in integral concrete color has been developed that do not utilize conventional Iron oxide based pigments that virtually eliminate efflouresence and alkali discoloration using synthetic type pigments called synthetic primary pigments or SYPP. These synthetic primary pigments are available in liquid emulsion form and are highly concentrated for ease of use and at a tremedous cost savings to users.

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SYPP is available in all primary colors which include yellow, blue, black, green, white and red. SYPP is also blended with extenders and preservative to create portion control colorant to increase the color offering to virtually any earth tone color which is popular in today concrete finishes.

Stamping

Patterns are impressed into wet concrete slabs or overlays to create textures or the appearance of brick or stone.

Decorative Concrete Applications on Existing Concrete

Acid Staining

Acid staining is not a dyeing or pigment base coloring systems but a chemical reaction. A mixture of water, salts and acid is applied to the concrete surface and later neutralized by a basic solution, of ammonia and water. Although some manufacturers recommend using baking soda and water, this process increases efflouresence and alkali problems once the surface is sealed.

This chemical reaction with the existing minerals in the concrete creates new colors on the concrete surface. Due to inconsistencies in the surface of concrete, acid staining creates a variegated or mottled appearance that is unique to each slab. The thickness of this color change ranges from 1/16th to 1/32nd of an inch. Exterior concrete surfaces may not color as well as interior surfaces because the environment has leached or percolated out the mineral content.

Typical Steps for Acid Staining:

Surfaces must be cleaned throughly with a mild detergent.

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